Percussion Flaking

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Be sure to read the chapter on safety precautions before you try this for the first time. It is a good idea to wear a leather glove on both hands while percussion flaking. Wear long jeans that cover the openings of your shoes to protect your legs and feet from being cut.


Tabular root beer flint, with a test flake struck off. 9 inches long, 2 inches thick.

CREATING AN EDGE:

Some tablets of flint have squared edges without natural platforms, and need to be started differently to create a platform. Others are rounded or angled, and have natural platforms on them. We will start with these. I prefer to sit in a lawn chair or a picnic table bench while percussion flaking. Lightly tap all around the tablet with your billet. This is so that if there are any natural fractures in the flint, it will break now and protect you from injury while striking it at full force.

Look over the tablet for natural platforms that you can drive flakes from. If the tablet has squared edges all the way around, click here for instructions on starting these.

If you are right-handed, place the flint on your left leg, holding it with your left hand. Hold the large copper billet in your right hand and strike the platform in a swift motion. Follow through, and don’t try to stop the billet when it strikes the flint.

Turn the tablet over and use the exposed flint as a platform to drive off flakes from the other side. You may need to first trim the platforms with the billet and you will need to dull them with the grindstone. Turn the tablet over, and strike the side of the last flake scar. Repeat this process until you have created an edge all around the tablet. This edge is easier to manipulate because it is harder than the cortex, which tends to cushion the blows with the billet and causes problems. Try to make these flakes run along the edge. The farther they go down the edge, the fewer flakes you will need to remove to make the edge. Do not try at this point to make the flakes reach past the center of the tablet, If they do, it is good. If they don’t it really doesn’t matter now. Just focus on making a flint edge all around it.

Your blank should now look similar to the example below:

 

REMOVING THE CORTEX:

Create platforms by striking the edge in a downward motion with the large copper billet. Be sure to dull the platforms heavily.

 

Turn the blank over and strike the dulled platforms with the large copper billet. Be sure to follow through, and direct the energy towards the center of the blank. After doing this all the way around, most of the cortex should be removed from that side. If there is still cortex, do the other side, and then do this side again until it is all gone. If you have problems with hinge or step fractures, refer to the pages on preventing and dealing with hinge fractures.

 

Now, create platforms where needed, and dull all edges thoroughly.

 

Turn the blank over and remove the cortex from the other side, using the large copper billet. You will probably have to make additional passes with the billet before the cortex is actually gone. Be sure to build and grind platforms and alternate from one side to the other while removing the cortex.

 

Your preform should now look similar to the example below. This preform is ready for the first heat treatment (lower temp than second heating done later), which will make the thinning process much easier.

 
 

THINNING:

Put the flattest side up, create platforms and dull them.

 

Turn the preform over and thin the flatter side with the large copper billet. These flakes must reach past the center for you to gain progress in thinning it. It is less risky to thin the tip and base before thinning the center.

 

Create platforms, and dull them with the grindstone.

 

Turn the preform over and thin the other side with the large copper billet. If it is getting real thin you will want to use the small copper billet, and be extra careful.

 

FINAL THINNING:

A lot of people heat treat the preform again (at the maximum temperature for the type of flint) before the final thinning. Look over the preform for thick areas that can be thinned more, and create the appropriate platforms. You can thin the point as much as you think you are able, if you break it, you can learn from the experience. After all, it’s just a rock.

 

Remove the thinning flakes with the small copper billet. When you are satisfied with how thin it is, you are done.

 

THE FINISHED PREFORM:

Retouch the edges by pressure flaking to make them sharper and neater. Your preform should now look similar to the example below:

This preform is 7 inches long, and ideal for making into a
Pedernales point. To continue, see notching.
 

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